
Hurricanes are the most devastating storms on the Earth. Forming over tropical oceans when warm air meets cool air, they grow into violent storms of spiraling clouds, strong winds and torrential rain. Hurricanes are powered by the heat of warm water. They can be massive, spanning 300 miles (483 km), with enormous energy that devastates cities and towns.
Hurricane is the specific term used in the Atlantic Ocean and northeast Pacific Ocean. Typhoon is used in the northwest Pacific and cyclone is used in the south Pacific and Indian Ocean. Tropical cyclone is the general term for any hurricane, tropical storm or depression.
Hurricanes are classified on a scale from Category 1 (winds of 75 mph) to Category 5 (winds of over 150 mph). Hurricanes are named each year using alternating male and female names. The list is reused every six years and the names of deadly ones, such a Sandy, are retired from use. While we know that human-induced climate change is warming the Earth, causing a wetter atmosphere and more extreme weather, it is unclear if the number of hurricanes will change.